Types of Hemorrhage...1

Ecchymoses - Larger i.e 1- to 2-cm or more subcutaneous hematomas (bruises) Associated with increased severity of above disorders

Types of Hemorrhage...2

Purpuras - Slightly larger i.e 3- to 5-mm hemorrhages are called purpuras. Associated with –Disorders of petechiae plus –vascular inflammati...

Types of Hemorrhage...3

Petechie - Minute (1- to 2-mm) hemorrhages into skin, mucous membranes, or serosal surfaces Associated with thrombocytopenia or thrombasthenia

Types of Hemorrhage...4

Hematoma – accumulation of blood within the tissue May be relatively insignificant as in a bruise or may be life threatening e.g., a massive...

HEMORRHAGE

Extravasation of blood through a ruptured blood vessel wall Causes- trauma Vascular wall disturbances like –Hypoxia, infections, drug, toxin...

What is left shift?

A left shift is an increase in the number of immmature neutrophils or polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN's). These are called band or sta...

What is LR?

A leukemoid reaction (LR) is a hematological disorder, defined by a leukocyte count greater than 50,000 cells/mcL with reactive causes outsi...

Causes of leukocytosis. (a)

Neutrophilic leukocytosis Acute bacterial infections, especially those caused by pyogenic organisms; sterile inflammation caused by, for exa...

Causes of leukocytosis. (b)

Basophilic leukocytosis(basophilia) Rare, often indicative of a myeloproliferative disease (e.g., chronic myelogenous leukemia) Monocytosis ...