Facial muscles:
Epicranius (occipitofrontalis)
Frontal belly
Occipital belly
Galea aponeurotica
Orbicularis oculi
Buccinator
Orbicularis oris
Nasalis
Masticatory muscles
Masseter :
Origin－inferior border and medial surface of zygomatic arch
Insertion－lateral surface of ramus of mandible and angle of mandible
Temporalis :
Origin－temporal fossa
Insertion－coronoid process of mandible
Action : masseter, temporalis --- elevates mandible
—close the mouth
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid
Action :
Medial pterygoid—elevates mandible—close the mouth
Lateral pterygoid—pull the head of mandible forwards--- open the mouth
Muscles of neck
Superficial group :
Platysma
Sternocleidomastoid
Origins: manubrium and medial1/3 of clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone;
Actions: acting alone, the head is inclined ipsilateral and the face is rotated to opposite side; acting together, they extend the head.
Suprahyoid muscles :
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Action: Elevate (raise) hyoid bone and depress mandible.
Infrahyoid muscles :
sternohyoid
omohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
Action: depress hyoid or larynx
The deep cervical muscles:
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