(ANS) Autonomic Effects on Various Organs of the Body

Autonomic Effects on Various Organs of the Body

Organ Effect of Sympathetic Stimulation Effect of Parasympathetic Stimulation

Eye

Pupil Dilated Constricted

Ciliary muscle Slight relaxation (far vision) Constricted (near vision)

Glands Vasoconstriction and slight secretion Stimulation of copious secretion (containing many enzymes for Nasal enzyme-secreting glands)

Lacrimal

Parotid

Submandibular

Gastric

Pancreatic

Sweat glands Copious sweating (cholinergic) Sweating on palms of hands

Apocrine glands Thick, odoriferous secretion None

Blood vessels Most often constricted Most often little or no effect

Heart

Muscle Increased rate Slowed rate

Increased force of contraction Decreased force of contraction(especially of atria)

Coronaries Dilated (b2); constricted (a) Dilated

Lungs

Bronchi Dilated Constricted

Blood vessels Mildly constricted ?Dilated

Gut

Lumen Decreased peristalsis and tone Increased peristalsis and tone

Sphincter Increased tone (most times) Relaxed (most times)

Liver Glucose released Slight glycogen synthesis

Gallbladder and bile ducts Relaxed Contracted

Kidney Decreased output and renin secretion None

Bladder

Detrusor Relaxed (slight) Contracted

Trigone Contracted Relaxed

Penis Ejaculation Erection

Systemic arterioles

Abdominal viscera Constricted None

Muscle Constricted (adrenergic a) None

Dilated (adrenergic b2)

Dilated (cholinergic)

Skin Constricted None

Blood

Coagulation Increased None

Glucose Increased None

Lipids Increased None

Basal metabolism Increased up to 100% None

Adrenal medullary secretion Increased None

Mental activity Increased None

Piloerector muscles Contracted None

Skeletal muscle Increased glycogenolysis None

Increased strength

Fat cells Lipolysis None